Main events in founding of the United States of America as an independent country
The chronology of main events in the founding of the USA as an independent country seems to be as follows (reference and extracts: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States)
1) "In the 1760s, the British government imposed a series of new taxes while rejecting the American argument that any new taxes had to be approved by the people". ["By the 1770s, thirteen British colonies contained two and a half million people along the Atlantic coast east of the Appalachian Mountains."]
2) "Tax resistance, especially the Boston Tea Party (1774), led to punitive laws (the Intolerable Acts) by Parliament designed to end self-government in Massachusetts. American Patriots (as they called themselves) adhered to a political ideology called republicanism that emphasized civic duty, virtue, and opposition to corruption, fancy luxuries and aristocracy."
3) "Armed conflict began in 1775 as Patriots drove the royal officials out of every colony and assembled in mass meetings and conventions."
4) "In 1776, Congress declared that there was a new, independent nation, the United States of America, not just a collection of disparate colonies." [Ravi: The USA Declaration of Independence must be what this is referring to. From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence, "The Declaration of Independence is the statement adopted by the Second Continental Congress meeting at the Pennsylvania State House (Independence Hall) in Philadelphia on July 4, 1776, which announced that the thirteen American colonies, then at war with the Kingdom of Great Britain, regarded themselves as thirteen newly independent sovereign states, and no longer under British rule. Instead they formed a new nation—the United States of America. John Adams was a leader in pushing for independence, which was passed on July 2 with no opposing vote cast. A committee of five had already drafted the formal declaration, to be ready when Congress voted on independence. The term "Declaration of Independence" is not used in the document itself.
John Adams persuaded the committee to select Thomas Jefferson to compose the original draft of the document, which Congress would edit to produce the final version. The Declaration was ultimately a formal explanation of why Congress had voted on July 2 to declare independence from Great Britain, more than a year after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War. The next day, July 3, John Adams wrote to his wife Abigail: "The Second Day of July 1776, will be the most memorable Epocha, in the History of America." But the national birthday, Independence Day, is celebrated on July 4, the date that the Declaration of Independence was signed."
Ravi: Readers may want to read my blog post, "Firm reliance on the protection of divine Providence" and USA Declaration of Independence, 1776, http://ravisiyer.blogspot.in/2016/09/firm-reliance-on-divine-providence-and.html.]
5) "With large-scale military and financial support from France and military leadership by General George Washington, the American Patriots won the Revolutionary War." [From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War, "The American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), also known as the American War of Independence and the Revolutionary War in the United States, was the armed conflict between Great Britain and thirteen of its North American colonies, which had declared themselves the independent United States of America. Early fighting took place primarily on the North American continent. France, eager for revenge after its defeat in the Seven Years' War, signed an alliance with the new nation in 1778 that proved decisive in the ultimate victory. The conflict gradually expanded into a world war with Britain combating France, Spain, and the Netherlands. Fighting also broke out in India between the British East India Company and the French allied Kingdom of Mysore."]
6) "The peace treaty of 1783 gave the new nation the land east of the Mississippi River (except Florida and Canada)."
7) "The central government established by the Articles of Confederation proved ineffectual at providing stability, as it had no authority to collect taxes and had no executive officer. Congress called a convention to meet secretly in Philadelphia in 1787."
8) "It wrote a new Constitution, which was adopted in 1789." [Ravi: The United States Constitution was created in Sept. 1787, ratified in Jun 1788, and adopted (came into force) in 1789. From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Constitution, "The United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States of America. The Constitution, originally comprising seven articles, delineates the national frame of government. Its first three articles entrench the doctrine of the separation of powers, whereby the federal government is divided into three branches: the legislative, consisting of the bicameral Congress; the executive, consisting of the President; and the judicial, consisting of the Supreme Court and other federal courts. Articles Four, Five and Six entrench concepts of federalism, describing the rights and responsibilities of state governments and of the states in relationship to the federal government. Article Seven establishes the procedure subsequently used by the thirteen States to ratify it."]
9) "In 1791, a Bill of Rights was added to guarantee inalienable rights." [Ravi: The USA Bill of Rights was created in Sept. 1789 and ratified in 1791. From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights, "The Bill of Rights is the collective name for the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. Proposed following the oftentimes bitter 1787–88 battle over ratification of the U.S. Constitution, and crafted to address the objections raised by Anti-Federalists, the Bill of Rights amendments add to the Constitution specific guarantees of personal freedoms and rights, clear limitations on the government's power in judicial and other proceedings, and explicit declarations that all powers not specifically delegated to Congress by the Constitution are reserved for the states or the people. The concepts codified in these amendments are built upon those found in several earlier documents, including the Virginia Declaration of Rights and the English Bill of Rights 1689, along with earlier documents such as Magna Carta (1215)." ]
10) "With Washington as the first president and Alexander Hamilton his chief political and financial adviser, a strong central government was created." [Ravi: Washington became the first president of the USA in April 1789 and served two terms as President stepping down in March 1797. From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington, "George Washington (February 22, 1732 [O.S. February 11, 1731] – December 14, 1799) was the first President of the United States (1789–97), the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. He presided over the convention that drafted the current United States Constitution and during his lifetime was called the "father of his country"."
...
"After victory had been finalized in 1783, Washington resigned as commander-in-chief rather than seize power, proving his opposition to dictatorship and his commitment to American republicanism. Washington presided over the Constitutional Convention in 1787, which devised a new form of federal government for the United States. Following his election as president in 1789, he worked to unify rival factions in the fledgling nation. He supported Alexander Hamilton's programs to satisfy all debts, federal and state, established a permanent seat of government, implemented an effective tax system, and created a national bank. In avoiding war with Great Britain, he guaranteed a decade of peace and profitable trade by securing the Jay Treaty in 1795, despite intense opposition from the Jeffersonians. Although he remained nonpartisan, never joining the Federalist Party, he largely supported its policies. Washington's Farewell Address was an influential primer on civic virtue, warning against partisanship, sectionalism, and involvement in foreign wars. He retired from the presidency in 1797, returning to his home and plantation at Mount Vernon."]
11) When Thomas Jefferson became president he purchased the Louisiana Territory from France, doubling the size of the United States. [Ravi: Jefferson was the third USA president from 1801-09. From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson, "Thomas Jefferson (April 13 [O.S. April 2] 1743 – July 4, 1826) was an American Founding Father and the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776). He was elected the second Vice President of the United States (1797–1801), serving under John Adams and in 1800 was elected the third President (1801–09). Jefferson was a proponent of democracy, republicanism, and individual rights, which motivated American colonists to break from Great Britain and form a new nation. He produced formative documents and decisions at both the state and national level."]
12) A second and final war with Britain was fought in 1812. [From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_of_1812, "The War of 1812 was a military conflict that lasted from June 18, 1812 to February 18, 1815, fought between the United States of America and the United Kingdom, its North American colonies, and its Native American allies. Historians in the United States and Canada see it as a war in its own right, but the British often see it as a minor theatre of the Napoleonic Wars. By the war's end in early 1815 the key issues had been resolved and peace returned with no boundary changes."]
[I thank wikipedia and have presumed that they will not have any objections to me sharing the above extract from their website on this post which is freely viewable by all, and does not have any financial profit motive whatsoever.]
1) "In the 1760s, the British government imposed a series of new taxes while rejecting the American argument that any new taxes had to be approved by the people". ["By the 1770s, thirteen British colonies contained two and a half million people along the Atlantic coast east of the Appalachian Mountains."]
2) "Tax resistance, especially the Boston Tea Party (1774), led to punitive laws (the Intolerable Acts) by Parliament designed to end self-government in Massachusetts. American Patriots (as they called themselves) adhered to a political ideology called republicanism that emphasized civic duty, virtue, and opposition to corruption, fancy luxuries and aristocracy."
3) "Armed conflict began in 1775 as Patriots drove the royal officials out of every colony and assembled in mass meetings and conventions."
4) "In 1776, Congress declared that there was a new, independent nation, the United States of America, not just a collection of disparate colonies." [Ravi: The USA Declaration of Independence must be what this is referring to. From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence, "The Declaration of Independence is the statement adopted by the Second Continental Congress meeting at the Pennsylvania State House (Independence Hall) in Philadelphia on July 4, 1776, which announced that the thirteen American colonies, then at war with the Kingdom of Great Britain, regarded themselves as thirteen newly independent sovereign states, and no longer under British rule. Instead they formed a new nation—the United States of America. John Adams was a leader in pushing for independence, which was passed on July 2 with no opposing vote cast. A committee of five had already drafted the formal declaration, to be ready when Congress voted on independence. The term "Declaration of Independence" is not used in the document itself.
John Adams persuaded the committee to select Thomas Jefferson to compose the original draft of the document, which Congress would edit to produce the final version. The Declaration was ultimately a formal explanation of why Congress had voted on July 2 to declare independence from Great Britain, more than a year after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War. The next day, July 3, John Adams wrote to his wife Abigail: "The Second Day of July 1776, will be the most memorable Epocha, in the History of America." But the national birthday, Independence Day, is celebrated on July 4, the date that the Declaration of Independence was signed."
Ravi: Readers may want to read my blog post, "Firm reliance on the protection of divine Providence" and USA Declaration of Independence, 1776, http://ravisiyer.blogspot.in/2016/09/firm-reliance-on-divine-providence-and.html.]
5) "With large-scale military and financial support from France and military leadership by General George Washington, the American Patriots won the Revolutionary War." [From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War, "The American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), also known as the American War of Independence and the Revolutionary War in the United States, was the armed conflict between Great Britain and thirteen of its North American colonies, which had declared themselves the independent United States of America. Early fighting took place primarily on the North American continent. France, eager for revenge after its defeat in the Seven Years' War, signed an alliance with the new nation in 1778 that proved decisive in the ultimate victory. The conflict gradually expanded into a world war with Britain combating France, Spain, and the Netherlands. Fighting also broke out in India between the British East India Company and the French allied Kingdom of Mysore."]
6) "The peace treaty of 1783 gave the new nation the land east of the Mississippi River (except Florida and Canada)."
7) "The central government established by the Articles of Confederation proved ineffectual at providing stability, as it had no authority to collect taxes and had no executive officer. Congress called a convention to meet secretly in Philadelphia in 1787."
8) "It wrote a new Constitution, which was adopted in 1789." [Ravi: The United States Constitution was created in Sept. 1787, ratified in Jun 1788, and adopted (came into force) in 1789. From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Constitution, "The United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States of America. The Constitution, originally comprising seven articles, delineates the national frame of government. Its first three articles entrench the doctrine of the separation of powers, whereby the federal government is divided into three branches: the legislative, consisting of the bicameral Congress; the executive, consisting of the President; and the judicial, consisting of the Supreme Court and other federal courts. Articles Four, Five and Six entrench concepts of federalism, describing the rights and responsibilities of state governments and of the states in relationship to the federal government. Article Seven establishes the procedure subsequently used by the thirteen States to ratify it."]
9) "In 1791, a Bill of Rights was added to guarantee inalienable rights." [Ravi: The USA Bill of Rights was created in Sept. 1789 and ratified in 1791. From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights, "The Bill of Rights is the collective name for the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. Proposed following the oftentimes bitter 1787–88 battle over ratification of the U.S. Constitution, and crafted to address the objections raised by Anti-Federalists, the Bill of Rights amendments add to the Constitution specific guarantees of personal freedoms and rights, clear limitations on the government's power in judicial and other proceedings, and explicit declarations that all powers not specifically delegated to Congress by the Constitution are reserved for the states or the people. The concepts codified in these amendments are built upon those found in several earlier documents, including the Virginia Declaration of Rights and the English Bill of Rights 1689, along with earlier documents such as Magna Carta (1215)." ]
10) "With Washington as the first president and Alexander Hamilton his chief political and financial adviser, a strong central government was created." [Ravi: Washington became the first president of the USA in April 1789 and served two terms as President stepping down in March 1797. From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington, "George Washington (February 22, 1732 [O.S. February 11, 1731] – December 14, 1799) was the first President of the United States (1789–97), the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. He presided over the convention that drafted the current United States Constitution and during his lifetime was called the "father of his country"."
...
"After victory had been finalized in 1783, Washington resigned as commander-in-chief rather than seize power, proving his opposition to dictatorship and his commitment to American republicanism. Washington presided over the Constitutional Convention in 1787, which devised a new form of federal government for the United States. Following his election as president in 1789, he worked to unify rival factions in the fledgling nation. He supported Alexander Hamilton's programs to satisfy all debts, federal and state, established a permanent seat of government, implemented an effective tax system, and created a national bank. In avoiding war with Great Britain, he guaranteed a decade of peace and profitable trade by securing the Jay Treaty in 1795, despite intense opposition from the Jeffersonians. Although he remained nonpartisan, never joining the Federalist Party, he largely supported its policies. Washington's Farewell Address was an influential primer on civic virtue, warning against partisanship, sectionalism, and involvement in foreign wars. He retired from the presidency in 1797, returning to his home and plantation at Mount Vernon."]
11) When Thomas Jefferson became president he purchased the Louisiana Territory from France, doubling the size of the United States. [Ravi: Jefferson was the third USA president from 1801-09. From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson, "Thomas Jefferson (April 13 [O.S. April 2] 1743 – July 4, 1826) was an American Founding Father and the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776). He was elected the second Vice President of the United States (1797–1801), serving under John Adams and in 1800 was elected the third President (1801–09). Jefferson was a proponent of democracy, republicanism, and individual rights, which motivated American colonists to break from Great Britain and form a new nation. He produced formative documents and decisions at both the state and national level."]
12) A second and final war with Britain was fought in 1812. [From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_of_1812, "The War of 1812 was a military conflict that lasted from June 18, 1812 to February 18, 1815, fought between the United States of America and the United Kingdom, its North American colonies, and its Native American allies. Historians in the United States and Canada see it as a war in its own right, but the British often see it as a minor theatre of the Napoleonic Wars. By the war's end in early 1815 the key issues had been resolved and peace returned with no boundary changes."]
[I thank wikipedia and have presumed that they will not have any objections to me sharing the above extract from their website on this post which is freely viewable by all, and does not have any financial profit motive whatsoever.]
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